governor of Samaria, was succeeded by another Sanballat (II), probably his son, who in turn was followed by his son Hananiah. Since we now have 2 Sanballats attested by contemporary records, it must be assumed that Josephus’ story about a Sanballat (III) in the time of Darius III is correct. The name Sanballat was evidently given repeatedly to grandsons according to the popular Near Eastern custom called papponymy. (F. M. Cross, BA 26 [1963], 110–121.) Sanctification. [Gr. hagiasmos, “holiness,”